中国农村卫生事业管理

目的 了解农村居民互联网医疗使用现状，探索网络信息获取能力对农村居民互联网医疗使用的影响路径。方法 采用分层随机抽样，基于KAP理论，选取我国东、中、西部6个省份的801名农村居民进行问卷调查，运用Stata 18.0统计软件，采用链式中介与Bootstrap法分析并验证网络信息获取能力对互联网医疗使用的影响路径。结果 高网络信息获取能力的农村居民仅9.24%,73.66%的居民能力一般，互联网医疗严重使用不足(1.52/5);网络信息获取能力可直接正向预测互联网医疗使用，效应值为0.168,占总效应78%,且能通过两条间接路径影响互联网医疗使用：互联网医疗认知的单独中介作用，效应值为0.020,占总效应9%;互联网医疗认知—态度的链式中介作用，效应值为0.015,占总效应7%。结论 农村居民互联网医疗使用仍有待提升，提高网络信息获取能力是有效途径，互联网医疗认知态度可以有效延伸至医疗场景，促进互联网医疗的使用。

Objective To know about the status quo of rural residents' Internet healthcare use and to explore the path of their network information acquisition ability influencing the use. Methods Based on KAP theory, stratified random sampling was used to select 801 rural residents from six provinces in the east, middle and west of China for a questionnaire survey. Stata 18.0 statistical software was used to analyze and verify the impact path of network information acquisition ability on Internet healthcare use by using chain intermediary and Bootstrap methods. Results Only 9.24% of rural residents had high-level access to online information, 73.66% of residents exhibited average ability, and Internet healthcare use was critically insufficient(1.52/5). The ability of network information acquisition could directly and positively predict Internet healthcare use, with an effect value of 0.168, accounting for 78% of the total effect, and could affect Internet healthcare use through two indirect paths: the independent intermediary role of Internet healthcare cognition, with an effect value of 0.020, accounting for 9% of the total effect, and the chain mediating effect of Internet healthcare cognition-attitude, with an effect value of 0.015, accounting for 7% of the total effect. Conclusions Rural residents' Internet healthcare use still needs to be improved, and we should focus on improving the ability to acquire online information, and emphasize the transmission effect of cognitive-attitudinal influence on Internet healthcare use, so as to promote the application of Internet healthcare.